It’s been what — just over 90 years — since the U.S. Supreme Court recognized the modern regulatory takings doctrine in Pennsylvania Coal Co. v. Mahon, 260 U.S. 393 (1922)? And in that time, the Court still hasn’t quite hammered down the theory of what it means to “take” property when some other power besides eminent domain is being exercised. Oh, the Justices think they know what it takes for regulatory takings liabliity to attach, and most of the time they are right. But on the margins, it is apparent they still have not completely figured it out.

Nothing exemplifies this as well as the Court’s muddled questions during the oral arguments in Koontz v.

In neither Nollan nor Dolan did the property ownersaccept the permit. Both rejected the permit and the conditions. Yet the Courthad no problem finding that to impose the condition would be a taking. For

Continue Reading Some Additional Thoughts On Koontz And Horne And The Takings Muddle

Following on the filing of the parties’ briefs on the remand in Arkansas Game from the Supreme Court, is this amici brief filed last week by the the Pacific Legal Foundation, the Cato Institute, the National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center, and the National Association of Home Builders in support of the Game and Fish Commission.

The brief argues that the Supreme Court “did not modify or overturn the well-settled test for adjudicating physical takings claims,” and refutes the government’s argument that the Court implicitly overruled all past takings cases in favor of a multi-factor test applicable whether or not the taking is the result of a physical invasion or a regulation.Br. at 4-5. The brief also argues that the Federal Circuit does not need to adopt a “new test” to take into account the “factors” the Court’s opinion set out because “the well-established test for adjudicating

Continue Reading Amici Brief: Arkansas Game Did Not Overturn Well-Settled Test For Physical Takings

A most interesting case has been briefed and is awating argument in the Hawaii Intermediate Court of Appeals. But first, some background.

In Public Access Shoreline Hawaii v. Hawaii Planning Comm’n, 79 Haw. 25, 903 P.2d 1246 (1995), the Hawaii Supreme Court held “[o]ur examination of the relevant legal developments in Hawaiian history leads us to the conclusion that the western concept of exclusivity is not universally applicable in Hawai’i.” Among those “western concepts” was the fee simple absolute under which an owner has the right to exclude the public. In PASH, the court concluded that the
legitimate and reasonable practice of customary and traditional rights” by native Hawaiians (small “n”)Continue Reading Is Pig Hunting A “Traditional And Customary” Native Hawaiian Practice?

Here are the opinions, briefs, and links from the three Supreme Court cases involving Fifth Amendment takings this term, Arkansas Game & Fish (flooding), Koontz (monetary exactions), and Horne (takings as a defense):

Arkansas Game and Fish Comm’n v. United States, No. 11-597 (Dec. 4, 2012)

  • Opinion of the Court (unanimous decision holding that government-induced flooding could be a taking, even if temporary).
  • The petitioner’s merits brief is here. The federal government’s merits brief here. Petitioner’s reply brief here. Amicus brief of Owners’ Counsel of America here. IMLA’s amicus brief here.

Koontz v. St Johns River Water Mgmt Dist., No. 11-1447 (cert. granted Oct. 5, 2012)


Continue Reading Takings Three: Briefs And Links From The Supreme Court’s 2013 Takings Trilogy

Earlier, we wrote about what Hawaii law requires when one of its U.S. Senate seats becomes vacant: the remainder of the term is eventually filled by the vote of the people, but unitl the election is held, the Governor makes a temporary appointment to fill the seat and must appoint from a list provided by the political party of the Senator who caused the vacancy.

But how did Hawaii’s statute — a minority rule, but not a complete outlier — come to be? And is a rule that cabins a governor’s discretion by limiting the picks for a temporary appointee to those selected by a political party even constitutional, or democratic? (For more on the latter issue — do the Hawaii Democratic Party’s rules allow for a transparent selection process — see here.)

In “Senate Vacancies, And Why Governors Must Pick Temporary Appointees Chosen By Political Parties,”

Continue Reading Senate Vacancies, And Why Governors Must Pick Temporary Appointees Chosen By Political Parties

Insurancelawhawaiififthanniversary

Our Damon Key colleague and fellow blogger Tred Eyerly has marked the fifth anniversary of his blog, Insurance Law Hawaii.

Doing a law blog for any length of time — as any blogger can tell you — is a second job, and Tred keeps at it with regular posts on the latest developments in coverage and bad faith issues. We realize that insurance may not be the most, you know, exciting issue (some might say the same thing about takings law, so hush your mouth!), but come on, doesn’t everyone need to know about insurance these days? The questions of proximate causation in Palsgraf were fun and all, but weren’t the real issues who was paying for the lawyers and who would pay if the Long Island Railroad were held liable? Tred covers them all (pun intended), nationwide. A Lexis-Nexis Top Blog year-after-year, and our one-stop shop for all

Continue Reading Congratulations To Insurance Law Hawaii On A Blogging Milestone

If it’s hard to remember a time when the State of Hawaii was not represented in Washington, D.C. by Daniel Inouye, the state’s senior Senator who died earlier today, that’s because until today, there has never been a time since statehood that Hawaii hasn’t been represented by Inouye, first as a Congressman, and then as a Senator. For the first time in its history as a state, Hawaii faces a future without Dan Inouye. This is a radically different political landscape.

Tributes are pouring in, and I haven’t the requisite chess skills to play the political guessing game, but I thought I’d share this one memory for whatever it’s worth.

Back in the day, when I was growing up, Inouye and Sparky Matsunaga (when Matsunaga was a Congressman, before he became Hawaii’s second Senator), used to come by theDisabled American Veterans’ hall at Keehi Lagoon to visit their old100th

Continue Reading A Small Lesson In Perspective

Here are the relevant pleadings in the pending cross-motions for summary judgment in Kostick v. Nago, Cv. No. 12-00184 JMS-LEK-MMM, the case challenging Hawaii’s 2012 Reapportionment Plan for violatating the Equal Protection Clause (among other things). We represent the plaintiffs in that case.

That case resulted from the State of Hawaii classifying its its residents into two categories — “permanentresidents,” and everyone else — and the resulting exclusion from thereapportionment population of 108,767 persons (military personnel, their families, and university students who do not qualify for resident tuition) deemed by the State to have not exhibitedthe intent to remain in Hawaii “permanently.” The plaintiffs argue that this classification does not survive closeconstitutional scrutiny, and that the State has not met its burden to show a”substantial and compelling reason” for excluding nearly 8% of its actualpopulation from equal representation in the Hawaii legislature. The state’s 2012 reapportionment Plan thus denies

Continue Reading Hawaii Reapportionment Equal Protection Challenge